# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pad Raw Materials

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Soft, breathable materials with good moisture-wicking properties

Key properties: Softness, breathability, quick-dry capability, and hypoallergenic nature

### 2. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for fluid retention. It consists of:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Sometimes blended with cotton or rayon

Key properties: High absorption capacity, retention under pressure, and liquid distribution

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and provides structural integrity. Common materials include:

– Polyethylene films
– Breathable microporous films
– Non-woven laminates

Key properties: Liquid impermeability, breathability, and flexibility

### 4. Adhesive Components

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for attachment to underwear
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding
– Silicone-based release papers

Key properties: Strong bonding, residue-free removal, and skin-friendliness

## Additional Functional Materials

### 1. Odor Control Agents

– Activated charcoal
– Baking soda
– Antimicrobial agents

### 2. Fragrance Components

– Natural essential oils
– Synthetic fragrances (in some products)

### 3. Wing Materials

– Non-woven fabrics
– Elastic components for better fit

## Material Properties and Performance

The combination of these materials determines the overall performance of sanitary pads:

– Absorption capacity (grams of fluid per gram of pad)
– Retention efficiency (fluid held under pressure)
– Dryness feeling after use
– Breathability index

– Skin irritation potential
– Biodegradability percentage

## Environmental Considerations

Recent developments focus on eco-friendly materials:

– Organic cotton topsheets
– Biodegradable backsheets
– Plant-based SAP alternatives
– Compostable packaging materials

## Conclusion

Understanding sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers choose products that match their needs for comfort, protection, and environmental impact. Manufacturers continue to innovate with new materials that improve performance while reducing ecological footprint. The ideal sanitary pad combines effective absorption with skin comfort and minimal environmental impact.