# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Modern sanitary pads consist of multiple layers, each serving a specific purpose in absorption, comfort, and protection.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Nonwoven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Soft, breathable materials with good moisture-wicking properties

Key properties: Softness, quick-drying, hypoallergenic, and breathable

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Wood pulp (fluff pulp)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Blends of pulp and SAP

The absorbent core can hold up to 10 times its weight in fluid, with SAP being particularly effective at locking in moisture.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and is usually composed of:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Nonwoven materials with waterproof coatings

Properties: Waterproof, flexible, and sometimes breathable to reduce sweating

### 4. Adhesive Components

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for pad attachment to underwear
– Hot melt adhesives for bonding layers together
– Silicone-based release papers for packaging

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

### 1. Odor Control Additives

– Activated charcoal
– Baking soda
– Antimicrobial agents

### 2. Comfort Enhancers

– Aloe vera coatings
– Vitamin E treatments
– Silk-like finishes

### 3. Eco-Friendly Alternatives

– Organic cotton topsheets
– Biodegradable backsheets
– Plant-based SAP

## Material Properties Comparison

Material | Function | Key Properties

Polypropylene | Top sheet | Soft, breathable, quick-drying
Fluff Pulp | Absorbent core | High absorption, biodegradable
SAP | Absorbent core | Super absorption, gel formation
PE Film | Back sheet | Waterproof, flexible

## Future Trends in Sanitary Pad Materials

The industry is moving toward:

– More sustainable and biodegradable materials
– Enhanced breathability and comfort
– Smart materials with health monitoring capabilities
– Reduced chemical additives for sensitive skin

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers develop better products that combine comfort, effectiveness, and safety.